Legal Knowledge Base

Regular bail, anticipatory bail, interim bail, default bail, and bail on medical grounds — when each applies under BNSS 2023.

FIR registration is mandatory. If the police refuse, you have 4 escalation paths under Section 173 BNSS and Section 154 CrPC.

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) replaced the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Same principles, updated language, new offences for the digital age.

Right to safety, information, choice, hearing, redressal, and consumer education — backed by 3-tier forum structure.

The full timeline for filing a Section 138 NI Act complaint. Miss the 30-day window and you lose the case.

Under the Payment of Wages Act 1936, you must file a claim within 3 months (extendable to 6 for sufficient cause).

EPFO allows partial / full withdrawal under specific conditions. Know the limits and the tax implications.

The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act 2016 gives you specific rights. Use them.

Most states have a Rent Control Act that limits how much a landlord can raise rent and protects you from arbitrary eviction.

When both spouses agree, divorce is faster and cheaper than contested divorce. Here's the exact procedure.

The DV Act gives women immediate protection, residence orders, and maintenance — file within the Magistrate's court, no court fee.

Section 6 of the RTI Act gives every citizen the right to information from any government body. ₹10 fee, 30-day response.

The cyber crime helpline 1930 can freeze your money in the fraudster's account — but only if you call within the golden hours.

UIDAI lets you lock your Aadhaar biometric. Lock + report + FIR — the three steps to stop Aadhaar fraud.

Dowry death is a non-bailable offence under BNS 80. The law presumes dowry death when a woman dies within 7 years of marriage after cruelty — the burden then shifts to the accused.

All sexual offences are cognizable and non-bailable. File the FIR immediately, get a medical examination within 24 hours, and know the no-consent presumption under BSA 120.

Property disputes are mostly civil suits for declaration, possession and injunction. Know the 12-year and 3-year limitation periods and when a criminal FIR also applies.

You have the right to know the grounds of arrest, to meet a lawyer, and to be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours. Know what to do if these are violated.

After a road accident, you can claim compensation before the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal. File the FIR immediately and keep medical and income proof.

Theft, robbery and dacoity are distinct offences under BNS. File the FIR immediately, list the stolen property, and preserve CCTV and witnesses.

Threats to your life, reputation or property are a criminal offence under BNS 351. Preserve the exact words, file the FIR, and escalate if the police refuse.

Every child has a right to free and compulsory education. Complain to the school, the District Education Officer, and the child rights commission if admission is denied.

If you were fired without a valid reason or your wages, PF or gratuity are unpaid, you have several remedies — from the labour authorities to the courts.

Defamatory posts on social media are punishable under BNS 355. Preserve screenshots with timestamps, send a legal notice, and file a complaint.

A rejected insurance claim can be challenged before the Insurance Ombudsman and the Consumer Commission. Keep the rejection letter — it is your primary evidence.

Tenant and landlord disputes go to the Rent Control Court or Civil Court. Keep the rent agreement and receipts, and know when a criminal FIR also applies.

A passport rejection must state a reason. You can appeal to the Chief Passport Officer within 30 days, then to the MEA, and finally to the High Court.

Recovery agents cannot threaten, abuse or harass you. Complain to the Banking Ombudsman, and file an FIR if the threats amount to criminal intimidation.

Wrong treatment or a surgical error can be challenged before the Consumer Commission. Keep all medical records and get a second opinion.

Fake products, non-delivery and missing refunds are consumer complaints. Act fast — call 1930 within hours if money was taken fraudulently.

A stopped pension is a livelihood crisis. File a grievance on the EPFO portal or CPENGRAMS, escalate in writing, and use RTI to find out why.

Parents and senior citizens can claim maintenance from children under the 2007 Act and BNSS 144. Abuse and threats are criminal offences.

Every 10+ employee workplace must have an Internal Complaints Committee. Complaint in 3 months, inquiry in 90 days — plus the parallel criminal route.

Police must register your FIR, the accused gets no anticipatory bail, trial runs in a Special Court, and relief starts at FIR stage.

Most notices are routine — but every one has a deadline. Reply online, fix errors free of cost, and appeal in 30/60 days if you disagree.

DRC-01 is a show-cause — replying is cheap, ignoring is expensive. Registration cancelled? There is a revocation window.

A 13(2) notice gives 60 days to object; a possession notice gives 45 days to move the DRT — filing stops the auction.

Representation first, then a ₹50 Original Application at CAT — no lawyer required, stay orders available from day one.

Complain to the board first, then a citizen-friendly NGT application — ₹100 for individuals, video hearings, expert site inspections.